The Cultural Importance of Ewe Drumming

It sometimes happens that a certain group ofobtain high-quality instruments carved from a
people will become associated with a certain abilitysingle block of wood. The drums are played with
or skill. People from Norway or Sweden, foreither sticks or hands. Enhancing the social
example, are often assumed to be excellentimportance of these instruments is the fact that
skiers. If individuals are from South America, theythey are often named after members of the
are sometimes presupposed to be exceptionalfamily: the "kagan" is the "baby brother drum,"
dancers. Sometimes such assumptions, which areand it's beats are usually weak and in a repeated
essentially stereotypes, are inaccurate and unfair.pattern; the "kidi," or "mother drum," has a much
But sometimes they are right on the money. Thismore active role, but it is still an accompanying
is true in the case of the Ewe, a group of peopleinstrument; the "sogo," or "father drum" leads the
who live in Togo, Benin and the southeast corner"kidi," and all of these are responsive to the
of Ghana. These people are internationally known"atsimevu," or "grandfather drum." Such names
for their skill in the art of ensemble drumming, aand roles make clear the importance of drums in
skill so distinctive and pronounced that their styleEwe culture.
has actually been named "Ewe drumming."Ewe drumming involves sophisticated cross
Although Ewe drumming is very diverse and canrhythms (beats shifted in a metric pattern to
vary according to locality, it is all recognized asdifferent positions) and polyrhythms (simultaneous
part of a larger style and honored as such.soundings of two or more independent rhythms).
Ewe drumming is as complex as its history is long.Some authorities hold that the art's use of
The Ewe people are thought to have migrated torhythm is similar to that of jazz which, it is
their current location around the 13th century, andinteresting to remember, originated in the
their tradition of drumming has long been anAfrican-American communities of the southern
established fact. Ewe drumming involves not onlyUnited States.
complicated drumming but a complex culture asIn addition to its roles in family and community,
well. These people believe that if a person is athese drums have a place in religious practices as
good drummer, it is because they inherited thewell. The "Tro-u" is a style of drum music used to
spirit of an ancestor who was a good drummer.invite ancestors to shrines on sacred occasions.
In addition to familial implications, music among theThe rhythms of this style are dictated by a priest
Ewe is used to enhance a sense of community.or priestess, and the music allows this person to
Clearly, Ewe drumming is more than a simplecommunicate with the spirit world. "Sowu" is one
form of entertainment.of the sacred forms of music used by the cult of
Ewe drums are generally constructed like barrels,Yewe in worship of the God of Thunder.
"staved" with metal rings, although it is possible to