Public Vs Private Sector - A Decision With Many Influences

The common assumption that the private sectorprivate sector goal be achieved without sacrificing
is a more efficient provider of services than thethe public good?  Few have demonstrated that it
public sector needs to be challenged. In the wordsis possible.
of the old song from Porgy and Bess, "it ain'tA recent example:
necessarily so." In this article I argue that itMeridian Energy, a power generator owned by
certainly does not need to be so.the  New Zealand Government, recently
Let us start with our expectations as apurchased a wind farm in South Australia, arguing
community. Above all we expect ourthat it was a good investment, and second, that
governments to preserve the public good and tothe investment would maximise the shareholder's
act in our long-term best interest. We expect ourreturn on investment. Meridian also justified its
elected to make wise decisions based on highdecision by saying that it would borrow the
quality impartial advice.money offshore so its reserves for investment in
We expect our businesses to put shareholdersNew Zealand would not be diminished. Borrowing
interests ahead of other interests, with the resultwould leverage its capital and improve business
that the share market's focus on quarterly profitsreturns.
and share price gains makes it difficult forFinancial journalists challenged the price paid,
managers to consider broader public interestsuggesting that the wind farm had been on the
concerns. We have been slow to reward adoptionmarket for a long time and the private sector
of "Triple bottom line" evaluation of businessinvestor had made a great return for holding it for
performance when we make our investmenta short period. Standard & Poors said that
decisions, despite the recent demise of largeMeridian's increased gearing would not affect its
financial corporations that put short term profitscredit rating this time, but the warning was clear;
ahead of ethical behavior and the public interest.Meridian's business risk profile had deteriorated,
The damage they did to us is still hurting.and the implied government guarantee has saved
If we cannot trust the private sector to putthe day.
community interests as high in their priorities asWhat about the public interest?  New Zealand
we need, we are dependent on the form ofhas seen massive shortfalls in energy
contracts to ensure that the public good isinfrastructure investment over the last 30 years,
preserved.  This seems to be beyond theand privatisation or corporatisation of the sector
capability of the public sector negotiators andhas led to huge price increases and dividends to
lawyers who draft these contracts, with theshareholders.  Our electricity supply systems are
result that the public is helpless in the face ofunreliable and our international competitive position
fraud, over-pricing, and low quality delivery ofis in jeopardy.
services. "Over-promise, under-deliver and hopeMeridian justifies its risky investment by reference
no-one notices" is the way to maximise profits.to its over-riding goal, maximising shareholder
Just check the reports on the billions of taxpayervalue, and effectively gives lower priority to the
funds that have been lost on private sectorinterests of the New Zealand public who are its
contracts in Iraq.ultimate owners, even though they do not appear
We also believe the myth that the public sector ison the shareholder register.
grossly inefficient, and we observe the stupidIn the meantime, the government says nothing
behaviour of junior bureaucrats slavishly followingand justifies its silence on the grounds that its
silly systems as they tell us "That is what youappointed board of directors run the company.
have to do." They reinforce our prejudicesI conclude that if the government sets goals for
regularly.public sector organisations that do not provide for
What is the reason?  Are public sector managersthe public interest, the managers have no choice
less intelligent than private sector managers? Areto adopt high risk private sector strategies.
they less well trained? Or are they set impossibleThis get worse when the politicians pass laws and
goals using bad systems by their political masters?regulations that enshrine inefficiency and entrench
My experience in introducing revolutionary changebad management practices.  If they are not
to large public sector organisations is a resoundingwilling to change the rules of the game they
NO to the first two questions.  I have watchedcannot expect even the best public sector
"dyed in the wool" public servants move on tomanagers to operate efficiently.
stellar careers in the private sector as theyToo often or debate on this thorny topic works
adopted commercially competitive ideas. I haveat only one end of the spectrum, and decisions
watched public sector organisations take onare driven by ideological assumptions, not by
private sector competitors and win the business,evidence. As usual, the right answer to the
but only after they have been taught the rules ofmanagement conundrum is somewhere in the
the new game they have to play.middle of the spectrum. While we wait for the
So let us look at the impossible goals our publicpoliticians to find the right answer, the long
servants are set by their political masters.  In asuffering taxpayer, the funder of last resort,
state-owned enterprise, is "the maximisation ofcontinues to pay for either the risks or the
shareholder value" a worthwhile goal?  Can thisinefficiencies, or too often for both.