Prehistoric Ferns

Ferns are found over much of the earth'scovered with hairs or scales to help them retain
surface, in an astonishing variety of textures andprecious moisture. There are even smaller aquatic
colors. There are over 10,000 identified varieties,ferns that grow on the surface ponds. Ferns have
approximately 200 appear in the United States,flourished on this planet for millions of years.
many more are being discovered every year.Today they can supply us with an exotic of
Asparagus fern is among the most popular ones,greenery with a minimum of care.
but it is not a fern at all. This plant is actually aFerns occur only in areas where there will be
member of the lily family and produces seeds andenough water to help them complete their natural
flowers. In fact, the real fern plants will notlife cycle. Ferns can grow not only in the ground
produce flowers or seeds, their reproductions isbut also on other ferns, on rocks, on trees and
accomplished by means of spores. When theseother places. Indoor ferns should be purchased
simple microscopic structures germinate, theyfrom farms, local grower, or nurseries as they
form a green slime. This form reflects the fern'sgrow ferns specially for indoor purposes. Wild
evolution from a sea to a land environment.ferns directly form the woods rarely survive
United by a simple drop of water, a male andindoors. Always select the ferns that are
female spore will come together and form newdeveloping new fronds, ferns with shriveled fronds
life. The fertilization is the start of a fern as weshould be avoided, and beginners should avoid
know it. Unlike such spore-producing plants asferns that are potted in planters smaller that four
mosses, algae, and fungi, ferns have long, thininches, this ferns will require more care.
leaves called fronds. Ferns also have tissueIf you are purchasing ferns for direct soil planting,
capable of conducting food and water. Since thisthe soil to be use should ensure enough moisture
tissue also provides support, ferns are able toaeration and nutrients, a combination of sterilized
grow taller than other spore- producers. In factorganic and inorganic matter is required to ensure
some tree fern can grow as tall as 80 feet.sufficient plant support. If the ferns grow on
Certain ferns have adapted to extreme conditions.trees, these could be planted in sphagnum moss
Alpine ferns have small, hard fronds which allowand wired to a peace of wood.
them to survive cold, dry winds. Desert ferns are