Effects of the Great Depression on America

The depression caused millions of Americans, 17whites received. African Americans did not
percent of whites and 38 percent of Africancomplain out of fear of loosing their job in such a
Americans, to be unable to support themselves.corrupt system. When wages were raised,
In cities, there were between three and fouremployers would often ignore their African
times more African Americans than whitesAmerican employees. Needless to say the National
receiving some form of relief. In 1935, one fourthIndustrial Recovery Act was deemed
of the one and a half million black workers wereunconstitutional several years later.
on relief. In Atlanta, 65 percent of black workersIn terms of agriculture, the Agricultural
needed public assistance and in Norfolk, Virginia,Adjustment Administration tried to help crop
more than 80 percent were on relief. This relief,reduction by giving farmers cash benefits for
however, was not given without a basis of raceunder producing their crops and cattle. The
or color. Even supposedly religious and charitableAgricultural Adjustment Administration increased
organizations forbad African Americans from soupfarmers benefits by billions, yet most of the
kitchens. Some work relief programs too limitedmoney intended for black farm owners
their benefits only to white workers. In terms ofdisappeared and did not find its destination.
public assistance, there was sometimes as high asSharecropping was also common practice at the
a six dollar per month difference in the relief giventime, and since many African Americans could not
to African Americans versus the relief given toafford to buy their own land, they would work
whites.someone else's land in the sharecropping system.
When Roosevelt won the white house his "NewMany times, the land owners would keep
Deal" took many measures to jump start thegovernment checks addressed to their illiterate
economy which effected blacks both positivelyland tenants. This did not only effect blacks, but
and adversely. The National Industrial Recoverywhite Americans as well. These black and white
act had very few African Americans representedfarmers created the Southern Tenant Farmers
at its meetings and its codes frequently gaveUnion which was opposed by planters on the basis
African Americans lower minimum wages thanof racial prejudices.